Human apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) is a minor component of plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The human ApoL protein family is involved in lipid transport and metabolism. APOL1 is also involved in the host’s innate immunity against Trypanosoma parasites. Once activated, APOL1 can lyse the parasite and protect humans from infection. Genetic variants in the APOL1 gene, which are found in African ancestry with high frequency, are associated with chronic kidney diseases, like focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), and hypertensive nephropathy.

In this ELISA kit, an APOL1/Apolipoprotein L1 specific antibody has been pre-coated onto 96-well plates and blocked. Standards or test samples are added to the wells and subsequently an APOL1/Apolipoprotein L1 specific biotinylated detection antibody is added and followed by washing with wash buffer. Afterwards, Streptavidin-Peroxidase Complex is added and unbound conjugates are washed away with wash buffer. TMB is then used to visualize Streptavidin-Peroxidase enzymatic reaction. TMB is catalyzed by Streptavidin-Peroxidase to produce a blue color product that changes to yellow after adding an acidic stop solution. The density of yellow coloration is directly proportional to the amount of APOL1/Apolipoprotein L1 captured in the plate.