Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) is an important member of the GDNF family of ligands(GFL). The GDNF family of ligands is comprised by four neurotrophic factors: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), artemin (ARTN), and persephin (PSPN). It has been found that GFLs play a role in a number of biological processes including cell survival, neurite outgrowth, cell differentiation and cell migration. As the founding member, GDNF plays a key role in the promotion of the survival of dopaminergic neurons. GDNF is a highly conserved neurotrophic factor. The recombinant form of this protein also promotes the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in culture, and was able to prevent apoptosis of motor neurons induced by axotomy. GDNF also regulates kidney development and spermatogenesis, and it affects alcohol consumption. It has been shown that GDNF results in two Parkinson’s disease clinical trial and in a number of animal trials. It has been taken as a potent survival factor for central motoneurons.