CD70 is the ligand of CD27 in activated T and B lymphocytes, is an important cytokine in CD70-CD27 pathway involving with the generation and maintenance of T cell immunity. CD70 is a surface antigen, also shows antiviral activity and regulates viability of tumor cells and regulatory T cells. As for CD70 protein in mouse contains TNF_2 domain (60-190 a.a) and transmembrane helix, belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family. CD70 (CD27 Ligand) belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is the ligand for TNFRSF27/CD27.
CD70 and CD27 are homotrimer type II and homodimer type I transmembrane glycoprotein, expressing on activated and resting T and B lymphocytes, respectively. As for a wildly use of CD70 in animal disease model, the sequence of amino acids in mouse is very different from human (56.25%) and rat (77.20%).
CD70 as one of the most frequently mutated genes in a series of diffuse large B cell lymphomas, especially acts in a crucial Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T cell immunity and more generally for the immune surveillance of B cells. CD70 inhibits EBV infection by restoring the expansion of EBV-specific T lymphocytes stimulated by the CD70-deficient EBV-infected B cells.
CD70 involves in activation of innate and adaptive immunity, expressing in the mature dendritic cells and being up-regulated upon the triggering of CD40 or Toll-like receptors.
CD70 induces proliferation of costimulated T cells, enhances the generation of cytolytic T cells, and contributes to T cell activation.
CD70 is also reported to play a role in regulating B-cell activation, cytotoxic function of natural killer cells, and immunoglobulin sythesis. targeting CD70 positive tumors with CAR-T cells induces a potent antitumor response.