Dry Ice

Ready-to-use PCR mastermix

Ready-to-use mastermix for direct loading of PCR products on an agarose gel

Ready-to-use mastermix for direct loading of PCR products on an agarose gel

The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct Kit is a complete cell lysate system designed for gene expression analysis directly from cultured cells without RNA purification. TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct cell lysis reagents are supplied with highest sensitivity Fast Advanced reverse transcription enzyme mix, 2x RT buffer, and best-in-class TaqMan Fast Advanced master mix. The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct Kit gives you all the sensitivity you need in the fastest workflow available: get gene expressions analysis results from an entire plate of cells in about 80 minutes.

• Complete—optimized workflow includes cell lysis reagents with gDNA removal, new Fast Advanced RT enzyme mix, buffer, and new TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix
• Fast—7-minute sample prep, including DNase treatment, at room temperature
• Easy—lyse samples in a tube or directly in culture plates
• Robust—perform gene expression analysis on 10–100,000 cells per sample; results equivalent to those from purified RNA
• Efficient—contains sufficient reagents to generate 500 real-time PCR results from 100 starting samples

Unique method eliminates the need to isolate RNA from cultured cells
The Cells-to-Ct method features a unique lysis reagent that lyses cells and protects RNA. DNA removal occurs simultaneously in the 5-minute lysis step to save time and improve ease of use. Lysis is then stopped by the addition of a “Stop Solution” that irreversibly binds to the lysis reagents.

The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit contains reverse transcription (RT) reagents for cDNA synthesis and TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix for real-time PCR analysis. TaqMan primer/probe sets are sold separately.

Simple 7-minute sample preparation
The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit is designed for 10–100,000 cultured cells/sample. Cells are washed in PBS and lysed in solution for five minutes at room temperature; DNase treatment can be performed simultaneously. Lysis is terminated at room temperature by a 2-minute incubation with Stop Solution. The lysates are now ready for reverse transcription or storage at –20°C for a short term or -80°C for a long term.

Maximize sensitivity of detection
Unlike some competitor kits that limit the amount of lysate in the RT reaction to 10%, the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit can accommodate 45% of the total RT reaction volume as cell lysate. Additionally, cDNA can comprise up to 45% of the real-time PCR reaction volume. The large lysate volume in the optimized RT reaction, along with the large cDNA volume in the subsequent real-time PCR using the TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix, lead to maximum sensitivity. The master mix amplifies the target precisely and accurately, enabling the detection of small quantities of target, such as transcripts expressed at low levels.

Reduced sample loss and transfer error
Because samples can be processed directly in culture wells (96 or 384 wells), sample handling and the potential for sample loss or transfer error are minimized, facilitating rapid, high-throughput processing. Unlike old-fashioned, multi-step RNA isolation protocols, no heating, washing, or centrifugation steps are required. The kit greatly simplifies a laborious 30–60 minute process and reduces it to 7 minutes.

Compatible with gold standard TaqMan Gene Expression Assays
The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit workflow enables unsurpassed gene expression evaluation with any of the >700,000 TaqMan Gene Expression Assays. This kit has been extensively tested for specificity with a broad selection of TaqMan Gene Expression Assays.

Proven performance, proven together
All components of the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit have been optimized for consistent and reliable performance. This removes the guesswork involved in assembling separate sample preparation, RT, and real-time PCR kits. And the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit has been validated with TaqMan Gene Expression Assays for added quality assurance, giving you the sensitivity you need in the fastest sample-to-answer workflow available.

The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct Kit is a complete cell lysate system designed for gene expression analysis directly from cultured cells without RNA purification. TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct cell lysis reagents are supplied with highest sensitivity Fast Advanced reverse transcription enzyme mix, 2x RT buffer, and best-in-class TaqMan Fast Advanced master mix. The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct Kit gives you all the sensitivity you need in the fastest workflow available: get gene expressions analysis results from an entire plate of cells in about 80 minutes.

• Complete—optimized workflow includes cell lysis reagents with gDNA removal, new Fast Advanced RT enzyme mix, buffer, and new TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix
• Fast—7-minute sample prep, including DNase treatment, at room temperature
• Easy—lyse samples in a tube or directly in culture plates
• Robust—perform gene expression analysis on 10–100,000 cells per sample; results equivalent to those from purified RNA
• Efficient—contains sufficient reagents to generate 500 real-time PCR results from 100 starting samples

Unique method eliminates the need to isolate RNA from cultured cells
The Cells-to-Ct method features a unique lysis reagent that lyses cells and protects RNA. DNA removal occurs simultaneously in the 5-minute lysis step to save time and improve ease of use. Lysis is then stopped by the addition of a “Stop Solution” that irreversibly binds to the lysis reagents.

The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit contains reverse transcription (RT) reagents for cDNA synthesis and TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix for real-time PCR analysis. TaqMan primer/probe sets are sold separately.

Simple 7-minute sample preparation
The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit is designed for 10–100,000 cultured cells/sample. Cells are washed in PBS and lysed in solution for five minutes at room temperature; DNase treatment can be performed simultaneously. Lysis is terminated at room temperature by a 2-minute incubation with Stop Solution. The lysates are now ready for reverse transcription or storage at –20°C for a short term or -80°C for a long term.

Maximize sensitivity of detection
Unlike some competitor kits that limit the amount of lysate in the RT reaction to 10%, the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit can accommodate 45% of the total RT reaction volume as cell lysate. Additionally, cDNA can comprise up to 45% of the real-time PCR reaction volume. The large lysate volume in the optimized RT reaction, along with the large cDNA volume in the subsequent real-time PCR using the TaqMan Fast Advanced Master Mix, lead to maximum sensitivity. The master mix amplifies the target precisely and accurately, enabling the detection of small quantities of target, such as transcripts expressed at low levels.

Reduced sample loss and transfer error
Because samples can be processed directly in culture wells (96 or 384 wells), sample handling and the potential for sample loss or transfer error are minimized, facilitating rapid, high-throughput processing. Unlike old-fashioned, multi-step RNA isolation protocols, no heating, washing, or centrifugation steps are required. The kit greatly simplifies a laborious 30–60 minute process and reduces it to 7 minutes.

Compatible with gold standard TaqMan Gene Expression Assays
The TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit workflow enables unsurpassed gene expression evaluation with any of the >700,000 TaqMan Gene Expression Assays. This kit has been extensively tested for specificity with a broad selection of TaqMan Gene Expression Assays.

Proven performance, proven together
All components of the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit have been optimized for consistent and reliable performance. This removes the guesswork involved in assembling separate sample preparation, RT, and real-time PCR kits. And the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit has been validated with TaqMan Gene Expression Assays for added quality assurance, giving you the sensitivity you need in the fastest sample-to-answer workflow available.

TETANUS TOXIN

Thapsigargin

Thapsigargin

ActivX™ Desthiobiotin-GTP Probes contain a modified biotin attached to the nucleotide by a labile acyl-phosphate bond. ActivX active-site enrichment probes are advantageous for determining active enzyme levels through the use of analog-tagged probes to allow profiling of both inactive and active enzymes. The ActivX probes selectively enrich only those enzymes that are functionally active and biologically relevant at the time of labeling. With selective enrichment, one can identify and profile target enzyme classes across samples or can assess the specificity and affinity of enzyme inhibitors.

After removal of GTP or GDP nucleotides from enzymes, the desthiobiotin-GTP probe can be used to covalently modify conserved lysine residues in the GTPase nucleotide-binding site. Desthiobiotin-GTP can selectively enrich, identify and profile target enzyme classes in samples. Pre-incubation of samples with small-molecule inhibitors that compete with active-site probes can be used to determine inhibitor binding affinity and target specificity. The ActivX Desthiobiotin-GTP Probe covalently labels the active site of GTPases and GTPase subunits of G-protein coupled receptors.

Applications of ActivX Desthiobiotin-GTP Probe:
• Broad enrichment of GTP-binding proteins from tissues, cells and sub-cellular proteomes
• Enrichment of enzymes based on function
• Profiling of dozens to hundreds of inhibitor targets

Assessment of active-site labeling with desthiobioin probes can be accomplished by either Western blot or mass spectrometry (MS). For the Western blot workflow, desthiobiotin-labeled proteins are enriched for SDS-PAGE analysis and subsequent detection with specific antibodies. For the MS workflow, desthiobiotin-labeled proteins are reduced, alkylated and enzymatically digested to peptides. Only the desthiobiotin-labeled, active-site peptides are enriched for analysis by LC-MS/MS. Both workflows can be used for determining inhibitor target binding, but only the MS workflow can identify global inhibitor targets and off-targets.

These products are subject to a limited use label license.

Glucoside detergents are a class of non-ionic detergents commonly used in biochemical and biophysical research. These detergents are derived from glucose and possess unique properties that make them suitable for various applications. Glucoside detergents are known for their mildness, biocompatibility, and ability to solubilize and stabilize a wide range of biomolecules, including membrane proteins. Glucoside detergents are also compatible with many downstream applications, such as protein purification, crystallization, and structural studies.

Features of glucoside detergents
• Gentle on proteins, minimizing denaturation
• Non-ionic nature—reduces electrostatic interactions
• Low critical micelle concentration (CMC)
• High-purity with low UV absorptivity

Overall, glucoside detergents are versatile and can be used in various experimental techniques, including protein purification, crystallization, and structural biology studies. They are compatible with a wide range of biomolecules and can be employed in both membrane and soluble protein research. With their gentle nature and versatile performance, glucoside detergents have become valuable tools in the field of biochemical research.

Octyl-beta-Glucoside
Octyl-beta-Glucoside (OG) is a low molecular weight, non-ionic detergent with an octyl chain attached to the glucose moiety that has been widely used for membrane protein solubilization. OG is generally more soluble in aqueous solutions and forms clear and stable solutions at higher concentrations. OG typically forms larger micelles compared to OTG. The larger micelles of OG can be advantageous for certain applications, such as protein purification or structural studies, as they provide better solubility and reduced interference during downstream processes.

Properties of OG
• Alternative names: octyl-beta-glucopyranoside, octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
• Molecular weight: 292.37 g
• Micelle molecular weight: 8000 g
• Critical micelle concentration (CMC): 23 to 25 mM (0.6716 to 0.7300%, w/v)
• Aggregation number: 27
• Cloud point: >100°C
• Optically clear: low absorbance at 280 nm

Octylthio Glucoside
Octylthio Glucoside (OTG) is a low molecular weight, nonionic detergent that is effective for cell lysis and nondenaturing protein solubilization. It is resistant to beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase degradation because the thioether group present in OTG provides protection against enzymatic hydrolysis. As a result, OTG can remain stable in the presence of beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase enzymes, making it useful in applications where enzymatic stability is desired. However, it is important to note that the specific stability of OTG can still be influenced by factors such as enzyme concentration, reaction conditions, and the specific enzymes present.

Properties of OTG
• Chemical name: n-octyl-β-D-thioglucopyranoside
• Molecular weight: 44 g
• CMC: 9 mM (0.2772%, w/v)
• Cloud point: >100°C
• Optically clear: low absorbance at 280 nm

n-Nonyl-β-D-glucoside
n-Nonyl-β-D-glucoside (NG) has a longer alkyl chain (nonyl) compared to other glucosides. The longer alkyl chain in n-Nonyl-β-D-glucoside can confer higher hydrophobicity and potentially stronger detergent properties. This can enhance the solubilization of hydrophobic biomolecules and improve the extraction of membrane proteins. It may also induce different interactions with lipid bilayers, influencing the stability, fluidity, and permeability of the lipid bilayer, potentially impacting the behavior of membrane proteins. In addition, NG forms larger micelles compared to glucosides with shorter alkyl chains.

Properties of NG
• CMC: (H2O) ~ 6.5 mM (0.20%)
• Aggregation number: ~ 133
• Purity: ≥ 99% β+α (by HPLC analysis)
• pH: 5-8 (1% solution in water)

This prestained protein MW marker is designed for monitoring the progress of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, for assessing transfer efficiency onto PVDF, nylon and nitrocellulose membranes, and for estimating the approximate size of separated proteins that have been made visible with gel stains or Western blot detection reagents. A blue chromophore is bound to all proteins, except proteins of two reference bands of 70kDa and 25kDa that are colored with an orange dye and one green reference band of 10kDa. PageRuler Plus Prestained Protein Ladder is ready to use: no heating, further dilution or addition of a reducing agent is required before loading onto a gel.nnHighlights:n

• • Size range – nine proteins spanning 10 to 250kDa

• • Ready-to-use – supplied in a loading buffer for direct loading on gels; no need to boil

• • Sharp bands – color-coded bands of similar intesity for easy visualization

• • Quality tested – each lot evaluated by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting

• • Bright reference bands – orange at 70 and 25kDa, and green at 10kDa

• • Membrane-compatible – colored bands transfer to membranes for Western blotting

Includes:nnDye-stained proteins in 62.5mM Tris-H₃PO₄ (pH 7.5 at 25°C), 1mM EDTA, 2% SDS, 10mM DTT, 1mM NaN₃ and 33% glycerol.

Our variety of Pierce Concentrated Buffer stock solutions are ready to use without having to weigh and dissolve dry ingredients or adjust the pH with concentrated acid or base. Simply dilute the liquid stock solution with pure water and proceed with your experiment.

Benefits of using Pierce Concentrated Buffer stock solutions include:
• Convenient—no weighing, no pH adjustment, no need to stock individual components
• Improved accuracy—ready-to-use formula, easily diluted without weighing chemical components
• Consistent quality—our quality control ensures that every prep will yield the same, consistent buffer

20X PBS Tween-20 can be used to prepare PBS-Tween (PBS-T) wash buffers for ELISA, western, and other immunoassays, as well as blocking buffer for plate-based assays. When diluted to 1X with water, 20X PBS Tween-20 makes 10 mM sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl, 0.05% Tween™ 20 buffer at pH 7.5.

20X TBS Tween-20 (Tris-buffered saline with Tween™ 20 detergent) can be used to prepare TBS-Tween (TBS-T) wash buffers or blocking buffer diluent for applications such as ELISA, western blotting, and other immunoassays. When diluted 20-fold in water, a TBS Tween-20 buffer containing 25 mM Tris, 0.15 M NaCl, 0.05% Tween-20 at pH 7.5 is ready for use.

20X Tris-Buffered Saline (TBS) is a stock solution for preparing Tris-NaCl buffer for use as a wash buffer and antibody diluent for ELISA, western blotting, and other immunoassays. 20X Tris Buffered Saline (TBS) makes 25 mM Tris, 0.15 M NaCl with pH 7.2 to 7.5 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) is ideal for preparing PBS buffers for use in crosslinking, biotinylation, and fluorescent labeling reactions requiring an amine-free buffer. When diluted 20-fold in water, the solution yields 10 mM sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl at pH 7.5.

10X Tris-Glycine-SDS Buffer makes 0.025 M Tris, 0.192M glycine, 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at pH 8.5 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X Borate Buffer is ideal for preparing sodium borate buffer solutions for use in protein modification procedures requiring amine-free buffer at an alkaline pH. 20X Borate Buffer makes 50 mM borate at pH 8.8 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS is used for preparing physiological Na- and K-phosphate buffered saline (D-PBS) used for wash buffers and antibody diluents in immunoassays like ELISA and western blot. 20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS makes 8 mM sodium phosphate, 2 mM potassium phosphate, 0.14 M NaCl, 10 mM KCl, pH 7.4 when diluted to 1X with water.

10X Tris-Glycine Buffer is a space-saving stock solution that is ideal for quickly preparing standard Tris-glycine (pH 8.5) transfer buffer used for western blotting using Tris-glycine gel electrophoresis. When diluted 10-fold in water or 20% methanol, the solution yields 0.025 M Tris, 0.192 M glycine at pH 8.5.

10X TBE Buffer stock solution is ideal for casting and preparing Tris-borate-EDTA (TBE) running buffer used for agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids. When diluted to 1X, the TBE Buffer contains 0.089 M Tris, 0.089 M borate, 2 mM EDTA with pH 8.2 to 8.4.

20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS Tween-20 will make physiological sodium- and potassium-phosphate buffered saline (D-PBS) to be used as a wash buffer for ELISA, western, and other immunoassays or as diluent or blocking buffer for plate-based assays. 20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS Tween-20 (D-PBS-T) makes 8 mM sodium phosphate, 2 mM potassium phosphate, 0.14 M NaCl, 10 mM KCl, 0.05% Tween™ 20 at pH 7.4 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X TAE Buffer is a space-saving stock solution that is ideal for casting and preparing Tris-acetate EDTA (TAE) running buffer for agarose gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids. When diluted to 1X with water, a 0.04 M Tris, 0.04 M acetate, 1 mM EDTA buffer at pH 8.2 to 8.4 is ready for use.

Our variety of Pierce Concentrated Buffer stock solutions are ready to use without having to weigh and dissolve dry ingredients or adjust the pH with concentrated acid or base. Simply dilute the liquid stock solution with pure water and proceed with your experiment.

Benefits of using Pierce Concentrated Buffer stock solutions include:
• Convenient—no weighing, no pH adjustment, no need to stock individual components
• Improved accuracy—ready-to-use formula, easily diluted without weighing chemical components
• Consistent quality—our quality control ensures that every prep will yield the same, consistent buffer

20X PBS Tween-20 can be used to prepare PBS-Tween (PBS-T) wash buffers for ELISA, western, and other immunoassays, as well as blocking buffer for plate-based assays. When diluted to 1X with water, 20X PBS Tween-20 makes 10 mM sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl, 0.05% Tween™ 20 buffer at pH 7.5.

20X TBS Tween-20 (Tris-buffered saline with Tween™ 20 detergent) can be used to prepare TBS-Tween (TBS-T) wash buffers or blocking buffer diluent for applications such as ELISA, western blotting, and other immunoassays. When diluted 20-fold in water, a TBS Tween-20 buffer containing 25 mM Tris, 0.15 M NaCl, 0.05% Tween-20 at pH 7.5 is ready for use.

20X Tris-Buffered Saline (TBS) is a stock solution for preparing Tris-NaCl buffer for use as a wash buffer and antibody diluent for ELISA, western blotting, and other immunoassays. 20X Tris Buffered Saline (TBS) makes 25 mM Tris, 0.15 M NaCl with pH 7.2 to 7.5 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) is ideal for preparing PBS buffers for use in crosslinking, biotinylation, and fluorescent labeling reactions requiring an amine-free buffer. When diluted 20-fold in water, the solution yields 10 mM sodium phosphate, 0.15 M NaCl at pH 7.5.

10X Tris-Glycine-SDS Buffer makes 0.025 M Tris, 0.192M glycine, 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at pH 8.5 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X Borate Buffer is ideal for preparing sodium borate buffer solutions for use in protein modification procedures requiring amine-free buffer at an alkaline pH. 20X Borate Buffer makes 50 mM borate at pH 8.8 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS is used for preparing physiological Na- and K-phosphate buffered saline (D-PBS) used for wash buffers and antibody diluents in immunoassays like ELISA and western blot. 20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS makes 8 mM sodium phosphate, 2 mM potassium phosphate, 0.14 M NaCl, 10 mM KCl, pH 7.4 when diluted to 1X with water.

10X Tris-Glycine Buffer is a space-saving stock solution that is ideal for quickly preparing standard Tris-glycine (pH 8.5) transfer buffer used for western blotting using Tris-glycine gel electrophoresis. When diluted 10-fold in water or 20% methanol, the solution yields 0.025 M Tris, 0.192 M glycine at pH 8.5.

10X TBE Buffer stock solution is ideal for casting and preparing Tris-borate-EDTA (TBE) running buffer used for agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids. When diluted to 1X, the TBE Buffer contains 0.089 M Tris, 0.089 M borate, 2 mM EDTA with pH 8.2 to 8.4.

20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS Tween-20 will make physiological sodium- and potassium-phosphate buffered saline (D-PBS) to be used as a wash buffer for ELISA, western, and other immunoassays or as diluent or blocking buffer for plate-based assays. 20X Modified Dulbecco’s PBS Tween-20 (D-PBS-T) makes 8 mM sodium phosphate, 2 mM potassium phosphate, 0.14 M NaCl, 10 mM KCl, 0.05% Tween™ 20 at pH 7.4 when diluted to 1X with water.

20X TAE Buffer is a space-saving stock solution that is ideal for casting and preparing Tris-acetate EDTA (TAE) running buffer for agarose gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids. When diluted to 1X with water, a 0.04 M Tris, 0.04 M acetate, 1 mM EDTA buffer at pH 8.2 to 8.4 is ready for use.

Thermo Scientific™ Pierce Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is purified horseradish peroxidase enzyme for use in activity assays and conjugation to antibodies for ELISA, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry applications.

Highlights:

• Superior to alkaline phosphatase and β-galactosidase conjugates due to the higher specific enzyme activity
• Small size (40kDa) allows excellent cellular penetration
• Variety of substrates available
• Ideal in blotting and cytochemistry applications
• Used as the reporter enzyme for Thermo Scientific SuperSignal Chemiluminescent Western Blotting and ELISA Substrates

Note:

Porstmann, B., Porstmann, T., Nugel, E. and Evers, U. (1985). Which of the commonly used marker enzymes gives the best results in colorimetric and fluorimetric enzyme immunoassays: horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase, J. Immunol. Meth. 79, 27-37.

Wordinger, R.J., Miller, G.W. and Nicodemus, D.S. (1987). Manual of Immunoperoxidase Techniques, 2nd Edition. Chicago: American Society of Clinical Pathologists Press, pp. 23-24.

Yolken, R.H. (1982). Enzyme immunoassays for the detection of infectious antigens in body fluids: current limitations and future prospects. Rev. Infect. Dis. 4(1), 35-68.

Cordell, J.L., et al. (1984). Immunoenzymatic labeling of monoclonal antibodies using immune complexes of alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP complexes). J. Histochem. Cytochem. 32, 219-229.

Passey, R.B., et al. (1977). Evaluation and comparison of 10 glucose methods and the reference method recommended in the proposed product class standard. Clin. Chem. 23(1), 131.

Hosoda, H., Takasaki, W., Tsukamoto, R. and Nambara, T. (1987). Sensitivity of steroid immunoassays. Comparison of alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase and horseradish peroxidase as labels in a colorimetric assay system. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 35, 3336-3342.

Samoszuk, M.K., et al. (1989). Antibody, Immunoconjugates and Radiopharmaceuticals 2, 37-46.

Thermo Scientific™ Pierce Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is purified horseradish peroxidase enzyme for use in activity assays and conjugation to antibodies for ELISA, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry applications.

Highlights:

• Superior to alkaline phosphatase and β-galactosidase conjugates due to the higher specific enzyme activity
• Small size (40kDa) allows excellent cellular penetration
• Variety of substrates available
• Ideal in blotting and cytochemistry applications
• Used as the reporter enzyme for Thermo Scientific SuperSignal Chemiluminescent Western Blotting and ELISA Substrates

Note:

Porstmann, B., Porstmann, T., Nugel, E. and Evers, U. (1985). Which of the commonly used marker enzymes gives the best results in colorimetric and fluorimetric enzyme immunoassays: horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase, J. Immunol. Meth. 79, 27-37.

Wordinger, R.J., Miller, G.W. and Nicodemus, D.S. (1987). Manual of Immunoperoxidase Techniques, 2nd Edition. Chicago: American Society of Clinical Pathologists Press, pp. 23-24.

Yolken, R.H. (1982). Enzyme immunoassays for the detection of infectious antigens in body fluids: current limitations and future prospects. Rev. Infect. Dis. 4(1), 35-68.

Cordell, J.L., et al. (1984). Immunoenzymatic labeling of monoclonal antibodies using immune complexes of alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP complexes). J. Histochem. Cytochem. 32, 219-229.

Passey, R.B., et al. (1977). Evaluation and comparison of 10 glucose methods and the reference method recommended in the proposed product class standard. Clin. Chem. 23(1), 131.

Hosoda, H., Takasaki, W., Tsukamoto, R. and Nambara, T. (1987). Sensitivity of steroid immunoassays. Comparison of alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase and horseradish peroxidase as labels in a colorimetric assay system. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 35, 3336-3342.

Samoszuk, M.K., et al. (1989). Antibody, Immunoconjugates and Radiopharmaceuticals 2, 37-46.