GenScript Biotech

Defensins (alpha and beta) are cationic peptides with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that comprise an important arm of the innate immune system. The α-defensins are distinguished from the β-defensins by the pairing of their three disulfide bonds. To date, four human β-defensins have been identified; BD-1, BD-2, BD-3 and BD-4. β-defensins are expressed on some leukocytes and at epithelial surfaces. In addition to their direct antimicrobial activities, they are chemoattractant towards immature dendritic cells and memory T cells. The β-defensin proteins are expressed as the C-terminal portion of precursors and are released by proteolytic cleavage of a signal sequence and, in the case of BD-1 (36 a.a.), a propeptide region. β-defensins contain a six-cysteine motif that forms three intra-molecular disulfide bonds. β-Defensins are 3-5 kDa peptides ranging in size from 33-47 amino acid residues.

Defensins (alpha and beta) are cationic peptides with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity that comprise an important arm of the innate immune system. The α-defensins are distinguished from the β-defensins by the pairing of their three disulfide bonds. To date, four human β-defensins have been identified; BD-1, BD-2, BD-3 and BD-4. β-defensins are expressed on some leukocytes and at epithelial surfaces. In addition to their direct antimicrobial activities, they are chemoattractant towards immature dendritic cells and memory T cells. The β-defensin proteins are expressed as the C-terminal portion of precursors and are released by proteolytic cleavage of a signal sequence and, in the case of BD-1 (36 a.a.), a propeptide region. β-defensins contain a six-cysteine motif that forms three intra-molecular disulfide bonds. β-Defensins are 3-5 kDa peptides ranging in size from 33-47 amino acid residues.

BDNF, also known as brain-derived neurotrophic factor and abrineurin, is a neurotrophin belonging to the NGF-beta family. It is expressed highly in the brain, and moderately in the heart, lung, skeletal muscle and placenta. BDNF signals through its high affinity receptor gp145/trkB to exert neurotrophic properties. It has been shown to be involved in the survival and differentiation of both the central and peripheral nervous system. Specifically, BDNF regulates synaptic transmission, axonal growth and path-finding, as well as dendritic growth and morphology.

BDNF, also known as brain-derived neurotrophic factor and abrineurin, is a neurotrophin belonging to the NGF-beta family. It is expressed highly in the brain, and moderately in the heart, lung, skeletal muscle and placenta. BDNF signals through its high affinity receptor gp145/trkB to exert neurotrophic properties. It has been shown to be involved in the survival and differentiation of both the central and peripheral nervous system. Specifically, BDNF regulates synaptic transmission, axonal growth and path-finding, as well as dendritic growth and morphology.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Betacellulin (BTC) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that also includes EGF, TGF-α, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, Epiregulin, Tomoregulin, Heregulin and Neuregulins. Mature human BTC protein exhibits 80% amino acidsimilarity with mouse BTC protein. BTC is expressed in most tissues including kidney, uterus, liver and pancreas. It is also present in body fluids, including serum, milk, and colostrum. It is synthesized primarily as a transmembrane precursor, which is then processed to a mature molecule by proteolytic events. BTC signals through the EGF receptor.

Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is a bone-growth regulatory factor and belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily. Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is synthesized as large precursor molecule (Met1-Arg396, with a signal peptide from Met1 to Gly23), propeptide (Leu24-Arg282) of which is cleaved by PCSK5 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 5). The active form consists of a dimer of two identical proteins which are linked by a disulfide bond at Cys360. It plays an important role in the development of bone and cartilage, cardiac cell differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. It is also involved in the hedgehog pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.

Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is a bone-growth regulatory factor and belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily. Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is synthesized as large precursor molecule (Met1-Arg396, with a signal peptide from Met1 to Gly23), propeptide (Leu24-Arg282) of which is cleaved by PCSK5 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 5). The active form consists of a dimer of two identical proteins which are linked by a disulfide bond at Cys360. It plays an important role in the development of bone and cartilage, cardiac cell differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. It is also involved in the hedgehog pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.

Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is a bone-growth regulatory factor and belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily. Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is synthesized as large precursor molecule (Met1-Arg396, with a signal peptide from Met1 to Gly23), propeptide (Leu24-Arg282) of which is cleaved by PCSK5 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 5). The active form consists of a dimer of two identical proteins which are linked by a disulfide bond at Cys360. It plays an important role in the development of bone and cartilage, cardiac cell differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. It is also involved in the hedgehog pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.

Human BMP-4 is one of at least 15 structurally and functionally related BMPs, which are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified as protein regulators of cartilage and bone formation. However, they havesince been shown to be involved in embryogenesis and morphogenesis of various tissues and organs. BMPs have also been shown to regulate the growth, differentiation, chemotaxis and apoptosis of various cell types, including mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells, hematopoietic cells and neuronal cells. BMP-4 is synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

Human BMP-4 is one of at least 15 structurally and functionally related BMPs, which are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified as protein regulators of cartilage and bone formation. However, they havesince been shown to be involved in embryogenesis and morphogenesis of various tissues and organs. BMPs have also been shown to regulate the growth, differentiation, chemotaxis and apoptosis of various cell types, including mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells, hematopoietic cells and neuronal cells. BMP-4 is synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

Human BMP-7 is one of at least 15 structurally and functionally related BMPs, which are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified as protein regulators of cartilage and bone formation. However, they havesince been shown to be involved in embryogenesis and morphogenesis of various tissues and organs. BMPs have also been shown to regulate the growth, differentiation, chemotaxis and apoptosis of various cell types, including mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells, hematopoietic cells and neuronal cells. BMP-7 is synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

Human BMP-7 is one of at least 15 structurally and functionally related BMPs, which are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs were originally identified as protein regulators of cartilage and bone formation. However, they havesince been shown to be involved in embryogenesis and morphogenesis of various tissues and organs. BMPs have also been shown to regulate the growth, differentiation, chemotaxis and apoptosis of various cell types, including mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells, hematopoietic cells and neuronal cells. BMP-7 is synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.