Ambient

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GRO-α, KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MSGA-α). Human GRO-α, GRO-β (MIP2α),and GRO-γ (MIP2β)are products of three distinct, nonallelichuman genes. GRO-β and GRO-γ share 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology with GROα, respectively. All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors. GRO expression is inducible by serum or PDGF and/or by a variety of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1 and TNF, in monocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and epithelial cells. In certain tumor cell lines, GRO is expressed constitutively. Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. Additionally, these chemokines are also active toward basophils.All three GROs can bind with high affinity to the IL-8 receptor type B.

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GRO-α, KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MSGA-α). Human GRO-α, GRO-β (MIP2α),and GRO-γ (MIP2β)are products of three distinct, nonallelichuman genes. GRO-β and GRO-γ share 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology with GROα, respectively. All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors. GRO expression is inducible by serum or PDGF and/or by a variety of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1 and TNF, in monocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and epithelial cells. In certain tumor cell lines, GRO is expressed constitutively. Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. Additionally, these chemokines are also active toward basophils.All three GROs can bind with high affinity to the IL-8 receptor type B.

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GRO-α, KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MSGA-α). Human GRO-α, GRO-β (MIP2α),and GRO-γ (MIP2β)are products of three distinct, nonallelichuman genes. GRO-β and GRO-γ share 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology with GROα, respectively. All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors. GRO expression is inducible by serum or PDGF and/or by a variety of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1 and TNF, in monocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and epithelial cells. In certain tumor cell lines, GRO is expressed constitutively. Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. Additionally, these chemokines are also active toward basophils.All three GROs can bind with high affinity to the IL-8 receptor type B.

Human GRO-α, GRO-β (MIP-2α), and GRO-γ (MIP-2β) are products of three distinct, nonallelichuman genes. GRO-β and GRO-γ share 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology, respectively, with GROα. All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors.GRO expression is inducible by serum or PDGF and/or by a variety of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1 and TNF, in monocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and epithelial cells. In certain tumor cell lines, GRO is expressed constitutively.Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. In addition, these chemokines are also active toward basophils.

Human GRO-α, GRO-β (MIP-2α), and GRO-γ (MIP-2β) are products of three distinct, nonallelichuman genes. GRO-β and GRO-γ share 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology, respectively, with GROα. All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors.GRO expression is inducible by serum or PDGF and/or by a variety of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1 and TNF, in monocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and epithelial cells. In certain tumor cell lines, GRO is expressed constitutively.Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. In addition, these chemokines are also active toward basophils.

Human GRO-α, GRO-β (MIP-2α), and GRO-γ (MIP-2β) are products of three distinct, nonallelichuman genes. GRO-β and GRO-γ share 90% and 86% amino acid sequence homology, respectively, with GROα. All three isoforms of GRO are CXC chemokines that can signal through the CXCR1 or CXCR2 receptors.GRO expression is inducible by serum or PDGF and/or by a variety of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1 and TNF, in monocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and epithelial cells. In certain tumor cell lines, GRO is expressed constitutively.Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. In addition, these chemokines are also active toward basophils.

GRO-α/KC/CXCL1 coded by CXCL1 gene at chromosome 5 is approximately 63% identity to that of mouse MIP2. KC is also approximately 60% identical to the human GROs. Mouse KC is a potent neutrophil attractant and activator. The functional receptor for KC has been identified as CXCR2. Based on the pattern of KC expression in a number of inflammatory disease models, KC appears to have an important role in inflammation. KC was found to be involved in monocyte arrest on atherosclerotic endothelium and may also play a pathophysiological role in Alzheimer’s disease.

GRO-α/KC/CXCL1 coded by CXCL1 gene at chromosome 5 is approximately 63% identity to that of mouse MIP2. KC is also approximately 60% identical to the human GROs. Mouse KC is a potent neutrophil attractant and activator. The functional receptor for KC has been identified as CXCR2. Based on the pattern of KC expression in a number of inflammatory disease models, KC appears to have an important role in inflammation. KC was found to be involved in monocyte arrest on atherosclerotic endothelium and may also play a pathophysiological role in Alzheimer’s disease.

GRO-α/KC/CXCL1 coded by CXCL1 gene at chromosome 5 is approximately 63% identity to that of mouse MIP2. KC is also approximately 60% identical to the human GROs. Mouse KC is a potent neutrophil attractant and activator. The functional receptor for KC has been identified as CXCR2. Based on the pattern of KC expression in a number of inflammatory disease models, KC appears to have an important role in inflammation. KC was found to be involved in monocyte arrest on atherosclerotic endothelium and may also play a pathophysiological role in Alzheimer’s disease.